Definition

1. Adjective (typically postpositive):
   • State-run; state-managed: Refers to an economic entity, business, or activity that is owned, operated, and managed by the national government. It describes the primary characteristic of an organization within the state sector of the economy.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Nông trường quốc doanh (A state-run farm)
  • Xí nghiệp quốc doanh (A state-run enterprise)
  • Thành phần kinh tế quốc doanh (The state-run economic sector)
  • Mậu dịch quốc doanh (State-run commerce)

Advanced Usage

• The term is most commonly used in a postpositive position, meaning it follows the noun it modifies (e.g., ). This is its standard grammatical pattern.
• It is a formal term, primarily used in economic, political, and administrative contexts to distinguish government-operated entities from private or cooperative ones.

Variants and Related Words

• Kinh tế quốc doanh (n): The state-run economic sector.
• Doanh nghiệp quốc doanh (n): State-run enterprise; state-owned enterprise (SOE).

Synonyms

• State-owned
• Government-run
• Public-sector (in specific contexts)

Notes on Meaning

• Historical/Systemic Context: The term is strongly associated with centrally planned or socialist-oriented economies, where the state sector plays a dominant or leading role.
• Distinction: It specifically denotes direct management and operation by the state, not merely state investment or partial ownership.

adj

1. state-run; state-managed
   • nông trường quốc doanh
     a state-managed form